Maps are powerful tools for communicating spatial information—but without thoughtful design, they can exclude many users.
To make maps more accessible, start with visual design:
- Don’t rely on color alone—use patterns, labels, or symbols
- Ensure strong contrast between map elements (Try using ColorBrewer)
- Include clear legends and label key features directly on the map
Equally important is what accompanies the map. Accessible maps should always include text alternatives that convey the same essential information:
- Provide text-based directions when maps are used for navigation
- Include descriptive alt text that summarizes the map’s purpose and key information
- List important locations in text form if multiple points are shown
- Add a brief written description nearby explaining key spatial relationships, trends, or takeaways
In some cases, it’s also helpful to provide the underlying data used to create the map:
- Share data tables or datasets when users may need to explore values in detail (e.g., research maps, thematic maps, or data-driven visuals)
- Provide access to data when precision matters
- Ensure datasets are formatted accessibly (e.g., labeled columns, simple structure) so they can be used with assistive technologies
Think of it this way: if someone couldn’t see the map, could they still understand—and work with—the information? Combining strong visual design, meaningful text alternatives, and (when appropriate) access to the underlying data ensures your maps are usable by everyone.
By designing with these principles in mind, you create maps that are not just informative—but truly inclusive.